What does "brake fade" refer to in air brake systems?

Brake fade refers to the loss of braking power due to the overheating of the brakes, which is particularly relevant in air brake systems. When brakes are applied repeatedly or continuously, such as during extended downhill driving or when heavy braking is needed frequently, the brake components, including the brake drum and shoes, can generate a significant amount of heat.

As the temperature rises, the effectiveness of the friction material can diminish, leading to reduced braking force. This phenomenon occurs because the brake lining material may lose its ability to grip the brake drum effectively as it becomes excessively hot. In air brake systems, this can happen more quickly if the air brake system is not properly maintained or if there is a heavy load, as the brakes have to work harder to bring a heavy vehicle to a stop.

Understanding brake fade is crucial for drivers, especially those operating large commercial vehicles, as it emphasizes the need for proper braking techniques and regular maintenance checks to ensure safe operation.